I think that most likely that all of them have a disease because they all have changes in their DNA. However I don't think that Carol is that messed up because she is just missing one base which caused everything to shift over. Bob should have something to worry about because he is already missing amino acid because he is not getting enough protein. And Abby just has one base change, so it shouldn't be a big deal.
Abby: GAG-->GTG point mutation Glu( +)-->Val(hydrophobic)
one base change
Bob: AAG-->TAG LYS-->STOP end of the protein= Truncation mutation
missing amino acid because it's not getting enough protein
Carol: DNA is not that messed up but it is missing a base therefore it made everything shift over, which is called a Frameshift mutation.
normal: ACT CCT GAG
| | / /// ///
Carol: ACC CTG AGG
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